Marketing of Nivea Products Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Marketing of Nivea Products - Assignment Example Nivea products identify themselves through distinct packaging and clear labeling of the products. Nivea products are convenient products for shopping as they already sought out products packed in convenient amount, and well labeled that makes it easy for customers efficiently select their desired preferences. Again, the products are packed in small packages, which make the products portable and convenient for consumers to carry around. The products are available everywhere from supermarkets, pharmacies and convenient grocery stores. The uniqueness of the product identified through the satisfaction it has on the consumers. The products have refined scent, dry, smooth skin, in fact, most women say they products makes their lips kissable has a sensational, romantic touch. This response explicitly makes the product unique over other closely related products. In addition, the brand is extremely popular for skin care and beauty. Besides, the products are not only useful to women but also to men and a range of diverse men’s products are available. Nivea brand is owned by a German company Beiersdorf named after the owner Carl Paul Beiersdorf who was a pharmacist. The product is developed from water in oil emulsion with eucerit and used as a skin cream. The company produced products such as shampoo, tanning oils, facial toners and shaving cream which lead to development of Nivea products. The products also contain cellulite that help reduce cellulite and makes the skin firm, Nivea cellulite gel-cream is used to serve this purpose. Lotus extract obtain from flowering water plant is able to tighten the pores of the skin. It also has an anti-inflammatory features that help skin purification and cleansing. In addition, Nivea products have the following mix:

The Power of a Magnifying Glass Essay Example for Free

The Power of a Magnifying Glass Essay The magnification of a magnifying glass depends upon where it is placed between the users eye and the object being viewed, and the total distance between them. The magnifying power is equivalent to angular magnification (this should not be confused with optical power, which is a different quantity). The magnifying power is the ratio of the sizes of the images formed on the users retina with and without the lens.[3] For the without case, it is typically assumed that the user would bring the object as close to the eye as possible without it becoming blurry. This point, known as the near point, varies with age. In a young child it can be as close as 5 cm, while in an elderly person it may be as far as one or two metres. Magnifiers are typically characterized using a standard value of 0.25 m. The highest magnifying power is obtained by putting the lens very close to the eye and moving the eye and the lens together to obtain the best focus. The object will then typically also be close to the lens. The magnifying power obtained in this condition is MP0 =  ¼ÃŽ ¦ + 1, where ÃŽ ¦ is the optical power in dioptres, and the factor of  ¼ comes from the assumed distance to the near point ( ¼ m from the eye). This value of the magnifying power is the one normally used to characterize magnifiers. It is typically denoted mÃâ€", where m = MP0. This is sometimes called the total power of the magnifier (again, not to be confused with optical power). Magnifiers are not always used as described above, however. It is much more comfortable to put the magnifier close to the object (one focal length away). The eye can then be a larger distance away, and a good image can be obtained very easily; the focus is not very sensitive to the eyes exact position. The magnifying power in this case is roughly MP =  ¼ÃŽ ¦. A typical magnifying glass might have a focal length of 25 cm, corresponding to an optical power of 4 dioptres. Such a magnifier would be sold as a 2Ãâ€" magnifier. In actual use, an observer with typical eyes would obtain a magnifying power between 1 and 2, depending on where lens is held. Using this principle, a magnifying glass can also be used to focus light, such as to concentrate the suns radiation to create a hot spot at the focus.

Building the American Dream :: Personal Narrative Writing

Building the American Dream Well for my parents, the American Dream was to come to America and make a new life for themselves. Back in China things weren't so easy. Earning a living was difficult. My parents heard of America and its great opportunities and high standards of living and so they prepared to come to the United States. As children, my parents lived in a old area of Fukein, China. Their lives were not easy. They woke up early in the morning to go to school then came back home to do their chores like cleaning, washing, cooking, watching over their brothers and sisters and working on their small farm. It was quite difficult and backbreaking but they needed to do all that to provide for the family in any way they could. For my mother is was even more difficult after the death of her father, my grandfather. She had to work extra hard to keep her household in order. As my parents became more independent, they knew that they wanted more for their children. When my parents got married, they planned immediately to start to save up money to go to America. They wanted a better life for themselves and their children. My father worked hard for the opportunity to come here and the hard work paid off. He spent some years in Hong Kong working in his family's herbal shop trying to save up enough money to come to America. The first to arrive in America was my mother. She was the one that was to start our lives here. When she arrived to America. She was pregnant and so working to make a living was kind of hard but had the support of my father and uncle. In 1979, my father took his first glimpse of his baby son and then went out to look for a job. It was difficult but it was a lot easier here then back at home. He soon established himself as a well known chef but his first job was as a busboy. After which he set up 3 restaurants for himself and became an entr eprenuer, a dream like that many people had when they came to America. He was quite successful in his business and enjoyed his life here. However he faced much cruelty such as racism and inequality but he ignored that because those were only obstacles that he could like many other obstacles he had overcome.

Humorous Wedding Speech by the Groom :: Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches

Humorous Wedding Speech by the Groom The groom has used the wedding date as a source for funny lines, comparing their marriage with celebrity couples for comic effect. While preparing this speech I thought it would be interesting to see if any celebrity couples had been married on the same day as us. Paul Simon and Carrie Fisher wed in 1983...and split up after 9 months. Oh dear. Also, Madonna married Sean Penn on this day in 1985; and we all know the outcome of that. Unlike the latter, while Lisa is "Like A Virgin," I plan to "Cherish" her forever and I am not afraid to 'Justify My Love." There's always the "Hanky Panky" to look forward to. There are children present, so the less said about "Get into the Groove" the better. We have been together for nearly ten years, and it's been the happiest decade of my life. We first got together at a Halloween party, where she was dressed up as a witch's cat and I was dressed as a crazy axe murderer, I was instantly smitten with that kitten I can tell you. She stuck with me through my scabby student days, and she's even managed to suffer living with me for five years. At home, we’re the perfect team - I mess up the house and she tidies. I affectionately call her my Mrs. Mop. In 1998 I popped the question, so like Elvis's toilet door Twenty-five years ago, we've been engaged for a long time. Today she's made me the happiest man on earth, she's my bride and joy. And I think you'll all agree she's done a superb job organizing today almost single-handed. (Toast) Please join me and raise a glass to my beautiful bride. To the bride! We'd like to thank the bridesmaids for all their help in the preparation for today, and I think you'll agree they look fantastic. We have some gifts for you. (Hand gifts to them and toasts) To the bridesmaids. We’d like to say a big thank you to our moms for all their love and support over the years. You've both been really good to us. So please join us in a toast. To the moms. Big thanks to the best man, my dear brother. I’m not sure I should give you the gift now with your speech pending. This man had the easiest job on the day, or perhaps he just made it look easy.

How to Succeed in (or Flunk Out of) College Essay

How to Succeed in (or flunk out of) College Everyone has hopes and dreams to succeed in college, but things don’t go as plan all the time. As a result it can cause you not reach your highest potential. It’s hard for some to make the transition from High School to College because having complete freedom to do whatever you like can be a task within itself. For example deciding when and how long you stay in a particular class and things of that nature. So there is much more to explain and guide you along how to make the best of your college experience and also succeed in the classroom. So let’s begin. Being successful in college is harder than you think; first you have to figure out which school best suit you as a person and the career of your choice. Then you must set up certain classes that are in respectful time frame that’s suitable for you and will help you attain your degree. Also you must learn where each class location around the college campus. Once you have achieved those tasks this is where the real work begins. Meaning preparing yourself for the long hours of studying and writing ten page term papers. In addition there are ways that you can fail in college also. For example, not being prepared for class and not being on time. Also not having your work done in the correct time frame it has to be done within. Also letting other things affect you meaning if you having problems with your roommates or partying too much and not making sure your studies are not taking care of before you do whatever that you want to do. In closing, there are plenty of ways to fail in college and plenty of ways to succeed also. Yes, you might be excited that you are able to come and go as you please but you also need to know when to have fun and when it’s time to hit those books and study. There is no step by step process because everyone is different and is able to do things that others may not be able to do. All things considered you can learn from people that been there and have been in your shoes and take the information that is giving you and used it in your own way.

Photography essays

Photography essays Photography is an art that took many years, and the efforts of many individuals to perfect. Many different people in many different fields contributed to this light writing. Chemists, artists, inventors, and engineers all lending a crafting hand to the art. Photography can be defined as the art of producing images of objects on photosensitive surfaces (Websters Dictionary, 364). It is both an art and a science. As an art it expresses personal vision, and as a science it relies on technology. A camera is a device that produces a two dimensional copy of a three dimensional scene. Throughout history, photography has greatly changed, as technology has revolutionized. The first camera, the Camera Obscura, was produced in Milan and Humaburg, Germany. It was produced by a mathematics professor in Milan and perfected by two inventors situated in Germany. An inventor born in Waterville, New York, introduced the first every esay to use camera, the Kodak Camera. He was living in Rochester when he created i Photography is an art that took many years, and the efforts of many individuals to perfect. Many different people in many different fields Photography is an art that took many years, and the efforts of many individuals to perfect. Many different people in many different fields contributed to this light writing. Chemists, artists, inventors, and engineers all lending a crafting hand to the art. Photography can be defined as the art of producing images of objects on photosensitive surfaces (Websters Dictionary, 364). It is both an art and a science. As an art it expresses personal vision, and as a science it relies on technology. A camera is a device that produces a two dimensional copy of a three dimensional scene. Throughout history, photography has greatly changed, as technology has revolutionized. The first camera, the Camera Obscura, was produced in Milan and Humaburg, Germany. ...

World War II Essays (616 words) - Modern History Of Italy

World War II Essays (616 words) - Modern History Of Italy World War II Michael Dominguez In the begging of the twenty-century a war was raged against the world. Every country fought to honor and defend it country. The Triple Entente, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy versus the Allies, Britain, France, and America in an all out world war. Each county gathered its troops and raised their spirits high in the honor to defend one's nation. Germany was the first. They declared war on France. The French not willing to back down were at war. Germany now on hostile grounds gave Serbia and ultimatum. Serbia not knowing what to do accepted. Britain now is trying to keep Serbia neutral. Germany now seeking help to be the best sought out the second best, Austria-Hungary and they accepted. Total war. Germany using a captured mini-tank, called the whippet, developed a larger tank. General Ludenorff says the army couldn't spare the men necessary to build these weapons of mass destruction so the project was abandoned. Germany developed the flame-thrower. A flame-thrower was a tank or oil discharged through a long nozzle by pressure of compressed air. Various gases were used through out the war. Some much more deadly than chlorine, like phosgene or mustard gas. The later gases would turn out to be even more deadly because they didn't burn as chlorine did. A solider would be infected with out knowing it. The Austrian Empire has been characterized as consisting of "a dynasty of diplomacy." Of the diplomacy two great exponents were Metternich, the Chancellor and Franz Joseph, the Emperor. They were so dominating the first half of the nineteenth century was called "The Era of Metternich." Emperors and kings met in Vienna in 1885 to make over the map of Europe, and the adroit and the charming diplomat help a strong personal influence over the distinguished circle. July 28 Austria declares war on Serbia. Austrian-Hungarian territory shows that far below the northern most frontier of Serbia in the west. Consisting of provinces of Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Dalmatian. Thus Serbia was exposed on the northern front and the western front. Britain and France were far from beaten. General Alekesi Alkessichich Brusilov had two central principles upon his plan of attack. Suprise and disseperation of the enemies reserves rather than an all out attack. Despite criticism, Brusilov ordered four main attacks on reasonably wide fronts. Brusilov's offensive was launched on June 4, 1916 in Galica, in a rough coordination with Italian and British offensive. Initial Russian success was tremendous: nearly 200,000 Austrian solider was taken prisoner in the first week. Russian forces drove deep into Galica. The Austrian army was effectively destroyed as a major fighting force. While Russian forces advanced Austrian forces in Romania far into the allied camp. Bruslov's tactics were executed with such success that his plan was executed time and time again. America's first reaction of the war upon business was certain to be unfavorable. International trade was for the moment completely disrupted. American manufacturers found many of their accustomed foreign markets were cut off. Shipping facilities were greatly curtailed by the transfer of merchant shipping to military use. European stock exchange was closed. On July 31, the London stock exchange closed. Making the New York stock exchange the only important stock exchange open. The ratio of foreign exchange, at first ran heavily against the United States and then England. At one time it was seven U.S. dollars to one pound sterling. When war breaks out no matter where it is in the world. Every body is effected by the outcome. So why should we go indulge ourselves in war? What do we accomplish by destroying another's land and life?

How to Overcome Hardship and Be Successful [Video]

How to Overcome Hardship and Be Successful [Video] Life can be tough, with lots of roadblocks that stand in the way of your success. The majority of us go through life with our noses to the ground, grinding through one day after the next filled with to-dos. We’re always in a hurry. But what might happen to our state of mind if, just sometimes, we†¦ stopped. What if we looked up to appreciate the beauty of what lies around us every day without us even noticing it? Check out the following TED Talk by Gavin Pretor-Pinney on how you, too, can use what lies around us to calm the stress within.

Disseminating Evidence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Disseminating Evidence - Essay Example To the community, I will discuss dissemination approaches that lean towards the needs of the community. I will use proper language and information levels to get to an audience such as the community (Holland and ‎ Rees, 2010). Information levels under this approach will entail diagrams, graphs, verbal presentations, conferences, and community summits. A proper language means simplifying the terminology and syntax considering the community consists of individuals of different education levels. Such a language would make sure that the community is communicating successfully with and using my project’s dissemination resources and approach (Walsh, 2010). I think searching for communal effort is imperative to making essential changes that lead to a substantial outcome in a nursing retention project.  Methods applied to assess the efficiency of a suggested solution should offer information to the community about is its efficiency or lack thereof (Holland and ‎ Rees, 201 0). The success of the intervention with the community requires me to be succinct and straightforward when addressing this particular audience. I will arrange my points in a rational manner and emphasize the lists of major points. Implementing plans like forums, periodicals, talks, new media, presentations, networks, and open workspaces are crucial dissemination approaches for the community and the project’s stakeholders as well (Walsh, 2010).  Identifying aspects common to individual patients’ homes that could prompt to developing peritonitis is important.

Life Insurance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Life Insurance - Research Paper Example , n.d.). The need for life insurance arises to obtain a form of financial protection against accidental incidents or deaths for which individuals are not always prepared. If insurance is ready, through payments of the premiums, then in cases of accidental deaths or incidents, individuals can be insured. Life insurances provide benefits for deaths or critical illnesses, for financial interests of individuals and family, for insurances at different stages of life, plans for retirements, loan facilities, as well as with benefits of tax payments (Why life insurance?, n.d.). The two main types of insurance are the whole life insurance and term life insurance where the whole life insurance offers for permanent insurance and term life insurance offers for insurance for certain terms or period of time (Magni, 2013). The present study discusses about life insurance with particular focus on the differences between whole life insurance and term life insurance and trying to determine which is be tter, also having an understanding of the relationship of the insurance with economic situation. II. Discussion: Term Life Insurance: Meaning: Term life insurance is defined as the policy of life insurance whose coverage period for the insurance has a set duration limit. On expiry of the policy the owner of the policy can decide on either renewing the policy or to end the coverage of the insurance plan. The benefits associated with such insurances are mainly limited up to the death of the policy owner. However in order to obtain the benefits of the plan, the death of the owner is necessary to occur within the time limit set by the term life insurance. If such time limit is passed and nothing happens to the individual, the owner does not receive any benefits from the insurance. Thus term life insurance do not provide with any savings from the investments that the policy owner makes for the insurance (Term Life Insurance, 2013). Universal Policy of Life Insurance: The universal policy of life insurance reflects that a flexible permanent life insurance is offered to the owner of the policy that requires the individual to make low cost protection payments to the insurer and also in turn obtains a savings from the insurance plan. Thus a cash value buildup is possible with the investment of this type of insurance. With the universal policy of life insurance, the owner of the policy is capable of using his interest that he gains from his savings in order to pay the premiums for the insurance. The universal policy of life insurance was initiated considering the need for more flexibility for the owners of the policy as the policy allows shifting of the invested money between the insurance and the savings from the plans. Premiums of these plans are variable and are divided into insurance and savings by the companies offering the insurances. Thus the owner of the policies is allowed to make adjustments between their payments depending upon the different circumstances tha t they belong to (Universal Life Insurance, 2013). Thus the most essential benefit of the universal policy of life insurance is its flexibility along with the permanent insurance it offers to the policy owners. It enables the policy owners to adjust depending upon their needs and conditions. Based on the policy, an interest is earned from the cash value of the insurance. This interest is based on the

TRAINING MANUAL Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

TRAINING MANUAL - Coursework Example This training manual indicates some important aspects that our organization should emulate in order to improve its performance. As indicated by the CEO, the workforce in her organization is under strife. One of the causes of this conflict is lack of diversity. As she notes, the front-line supervisors are white males. This implies that there is diversification since the organization does not allow introduction of new ideas from other races. Another notable issue is age discrimination. The age of stream-line managers makes innovation difficult. This is based on the fact that young employees are productive in nature and have the ability to come up with new ways of doing things. By hiring managers and supervisors from one religion background, it is an indication that the organization is discriminative on the ground of religion Currently, the US population stands at approximately 319 million people. Being the third most populous country in the world, US population is made up of various races which includes white, Hispanic, black and Asians. The white race forms the major part of the population standing at 224 million people which is equivalent to 73% of the whole population. Latino and Hispanic Americans takes 48% of the population. Asian Americans take approximately 5.3% of the population while multiracial Americans are approximately 2.6%. The current trend indicates that the US population will increase at a very high rate based not only in the increase on food production but also due to quality health services that have reduced the rate of child mortality. Notably, the US Asian population has indicated an increasing trend as compared to Asians. For example, in 2013, US Hispanic stood at 54 million people a 2.1% increment from 2012. Despite the reduction in the number of immigrants between 2007 and 2009, the number of foreigners arriving

MOD 1 SLP ETH501 - Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MOD 1 SLP ETH501 - Business Ethics - Essay Example The deontological implications of such ethical issues cannot be underplayed. Ethical Problem While working at a local mall, I encountered a rather common unethical practice in the workplace - discrimination coupled with harassment. The store was predominantly a male-dominated work environment in which most employees and supervisors were men. The ethical issue emerged when the store hired a new female employee and the male supervisor started constantly treating her inappropriately. Notably, the presence of the new employee stirred up conflict because the store had not yet conducted sensitivity training. The male supervisor made inappropriate remarks to the new female employee and failed to groom her for promotions as he did with male employees (DesJardins, 2010). Despite her constant complaints to the store manager, the manager did not take any measures to remedy the situation. The ethical issues in this situation are quite diverse: firstly, the male supervisor’s treatment of t he new employee was biased along sexual lines. The store manager’s failure to act was also quite unethical. Making derogatory remarks towards employees on account of their gender is extremely unethical and unlawful. In addition, by denying the female employee necessary resources for promotion, the supervisor also acted unethically (Bhatia, 2004). Deontological Implications Deontological ethics posits that people’s duty to act or not to act centers on the uprightness or evil of the act rather than the consequence of the act. This means that certain actions are inherently proper or evil. Deontological ethics puts emphasis on the concept of whether or not an act is proper or evil, an obligation or duty (Kant, 1993). In the aforementioned ethical issue, the male supervisor acted unethically by failing to perform his work obligation, i.e. providing all employees the same opportunity to earn a promotion. Deontological perceptions of ethics require that people perform their d uties and obligations without being required to do so. Supervisors have a distinct duty to provide a level playing field for all employees in terms of employees’ access to company resources, such as training and grooming. Consequently, the supervisor’s gender-based discrimination contravened conventional view of proper actions in the workplace. Conventional wisdom requires equal treatment of all persons in the workplace; hence the supervisor acted unethically by infringing on the female employee’s right to use company resources (Velasquez, 2001). Regardless of the consequence of the supervisor’s discrimination, his behavior was quite unethical in itself. In addition, the supervisor’s utterance of derogatory remarks towards the female employee epitomized an unethical act. Deontological ethics points of view require people to act uprightly because it is their duty to act right ( Pojman & Fieser, 2011). The supervisor’s actions show disregard f or conventional wisdom that demands that it is the duty of all persons, regardless of their status and positions, to treat others in a humane and upright manner. Moral behavior in the workplace entails impartial treatment of all employees regardless of their race, gender or ethnicity. Conversely, the store manager’s disregard towards the female employee’s complaints is indicative of immorality and unethical behavior (â€Å"Duty-based Ethics†, 2009). The manager could create an impartial and upright

What are the benefits and weakness of using focus groups Essay

What are the benefits and weakness of using focus groups - Essay Example Assuming these to be correct, structured group discussion is a relevant procedure to obtain people’s opinions, feelings and perceptions, although the interactions between group members have to be borne in mind. (Blankenship, Breen, G.E. and Dutka, A., 1999, 61) The information obtained can be about what each person feels and thinks, but it can also be influenced by a phenomenon such as ‘groupthink’, through which people conform to what others believe. In judging the popularity and the effectiveness of focus groups, it is important to assess the advantages of the method as well as its limitations. In adult education, focus groups perhaps offer a more concrete opportunity for participants and researchers to learn from the process (Field, 2000, 330), being a powerful way of engaging with professionals, policy makers and end-users. The benefits of using such an iterative process in which ‘people’s views and understandings are shared, debated, challenged and changed’ (Field 2000, 325) are more important than the potential disadvantages. Morgan (1999, 142) notes that the majority of the published articles about focus groups refers to the use of this method along with other methods, such as individual in-depth interviews or with surveys. In the research process, focus groups can be used at different points: at the preliminary or exploratory stage of a study; a preparation for decisions about the precise objectives and design of the study; for the collection of the main data; in the closing period of a study to interpret findings, or to generate further perspecti ves for research. Use of focus groups can be seen in applied research as a strategy for collecting data, especially when doing qualitative research to tap peoples subjective experiences (Sullivan, 2001, 23) Focus groups do not invade peoples privacy in order to come to

MOD 1 SLP ETH501 - Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MOD 1 SLP ETH501 - Business Ethics - Essay Example The deontological implications of such ethical issues cannot be underplayed. Ethical Problem While working at a local mall, I encountered a rather common unethical practice in the workplace - discrimination coupled with harassment. The store was predominantly a male-dominated work environment in which most employees and supervisors were men. The ethical issue emerged when the store hired a new female employee and the male supervisor started constantly treating her inappropriately. Notably, the presence of the new employee stirred up conflict because the store had not yet conducted sensitivity training. The male supervisor made inappropriate remarks to the new female employee and failed to groom her for promotions as he did with male employees (DesJardins, 2010). Despite her constant complaints to the store manager, the manager did not take any measures to remedy the situation. The ethical issues in this situation are quite diverse: firstly, the male supervisor’s treatment of t he new employee was biased along sexual lines. The store manager’s failure to act was also quite unethical. Making derogatory remarks towards employees on account of their gender is extremely unethical and unlawful. In addition, by denying the female employee necessary resources for promotion, the supervisor also acted unethically (Bhatia, 2004). Deontological Implications Deontological ethics posits that people’s duty to act or not to act centers on the uprightness or evil of the act rather than the consequence of the act. This means that certain actions are inherently proper or evil. Deontological ethics puts emphasis on the concept of whether or not an act is proper or evil, an obligation or duty (Kant, 1993). In the aforementioned ethical issue, the male supervisor acted unethically by failing to perform his work obligation, i.e. providing all employees the same opportunity to earn a promotion. Deontological perceptions of ethics require that people perform their d uties and obligations without being required to do so. Supervisors have a distinct duty to provide a level playing field for all employees in terms of employees’ access to company resources, such as training and grooming. Consequently, the supervisor’s gender-based discrimination contravened conventional view of proper actions in the workplace. Conventional wisdom requires equal treatment of all persons in the workplace; hence the supervisor acted unethically by infringing on the female employee’s right to use company resources (Velasquez, 2001). Regardless of the consequence of the supervisor’s discrimination, his behavior was quite unethical in itself. In addition, the supervisor’s utterance of derogatory remarks towards the female employee epitomized an unethical act. Deontological ethics points of view require people to act uprightly because it is their duty to act right ( Pojman & Fieser, 2011). The supervisor’s actions show disregard f or conventional wisdom that demands that it is the duty of all persons, regardless of their status and positions, to treat others in a humane and upright manner. Moral behavior in the workplace entails impartial treatment of all employees regardless of their race, gender or ethnicity. Conversely, the store manager’s disregard towards the female employee’s complaints is indicative of immorality and unethical behavior (â€Å"Duty-based Ethics†, 2009). The manager could create an impartial and upright

Principles of Economics The Theory of Consumer Choice Essay

Principles of Economics The Theory of Consumer Choice - Essay Example Other factors being constant, the higher price for gasoline will limit my buying opportunities for other products and services. Alternatively, higher gasoline prices will affect the prices of other products and services. Higher prices of other products will further affect my overall consumption, since I will be able to purchase smaller quantities of all products and services within a budget constraint that is this will have an income effect on my consumption, which will take me to a lower indifference curve. Since gasoline is a supplementary product to cars, my choice of a car will be directly affected by the expectations for changes in gas prices and by the gas consumption of the cars. A car that gets 7 miles per gallon will spend more than 14 gallons per 100 miles. A car that gets 25 miles per gallon is thrice more economical, spending 4 gallons per 100 miles. At the higher gas price ($2.25) the price difference of gasoline expenditure is $32 compared to $9 per 100 miles for the more economical car. Provided my budget remains constant, it will be financially justified to prefer the car that gets 25 miles per gallon.

Health and Wellness in the Workplace Essay Example for Free

Health and Wellness in the Workplace Essay Thesis Statement: Health and Wellness programs in a workplace can benefit employees by helping them manage their physical and emotional health, reduce stress and provide a reward system program in the workplace. I. Introduction. II. Provide Nutrition Programs A. Manage employees physical emotional health 1. Provide different seminars to manage different health issues. 2. Create a program that fits your employees concerns in the work environment. III. Promotes employee’s perfect attendance A. Prevent employee’s absenteeism 1. By providing random wellness check 2. Reward employees for perfect attendance in the wellness programs IV. Reduce Stress in Workplace A. Provide breaks to help employees reduce stress 1. Start a group during 15 minutes break to walk 2. Provide a massage therapist once every two weeks to give 15 minutes massages to relief stress. 3. Give a stress management seminar for nutrition and excerising. V. Reward System in the workplace to accomplish Goals A. Provide a reward program to lose weight and stay healthily 1. A support system for employees by offering extra days off for doing the programs. 2. Create a bonus program for employees for reaching health goals. VI. Conclusion. Resources By: Alden, Sharyn, Regroup, Recharge, Credit Union Magazine, Jul 2007, Vol. 73 Issue 7, p 30-35, 6p; Abstract By: Bulk Tran Sporter, Tax credits proposed for employee wellness, Nov. 2007, Vol. 70, Issue 5, p12-12, 1/2p; Abstract By: Shepherd, Leah Carlson, More time to smell the

Nonverbal Communication In Social Psychology Psychology Essay

Nonverbal Communication In Social Psychology Psychology Essay The most important thing in communication is hearing what isnt said.- Peter F. Drucker cited in Goman,2008 page 1. This states that spoken language and non verbal signals need to simultaneously exist and interact with each other in order to give the receiver a fully understanding of what is been said. Non-verbal communication is the ability to transfer, receive and decode messages to one another without using spoken or written language instead we take a specific body posture or facial expression to denote a particular feeling or intention. Non-verbal behaviour can be both consciously and unconsciously (M .Argyle, 1988, page 4). Non-verbal behaviour became acknowledged in the social psychological field in 1872 by Charles Darwins work, where he suggested that high intelligence animals shared the same facial expressions with humans C.Darwin (1872 cited in P.Ekman,1973, pages 12,13). This essay will discuss the importance of non verbal communication in the social psychological field. There are different types of kinesics such as eye contact, facial expressions, gestures, and body postures. It is said that the eyes are the most powerful means of communication we posses after words (G.R.Wainwright, 1985, page 5) that is because our eyes help us seek information, display attention and interest, show respect and provide feedback during speech Argyle (1965, cited in Wainwright, 1988 page 9). For example when people avoid looking others in the eyes, it seems that they are trying to hide something or that they are lying. Neuro-Linguistic Programming researchers, for several decades, believed that when a person looks up to their right corner of their eye they are more likely to be lying, whilst a glance up to their left it indicates that they are telling the truth. However, a later on study of two professors; R. Wiseman from  Edinburgh University and C. Watt from Hertfordshire University has shown that that theory was wrong; there was no evidence of a correlation betwe en lying and eye movements. (R. Wiseman, C. Watt et al. PLoS ONE, 2012; 7).Instead avoiding eye contact could clearly indicate nervousness or shyness. Moreover, in some countries eye contact signifies respect and straightforwardness whereas in others it is seen as rude and disrespectful; for instance in European cultures, a certain amount of eye contact is required, but too much makes many people uncomfortable. When greeting a Chinese, it is best to avoid prolonged eye contact as a sign of respect and deference (E. T. Hall, M. R. Hall, 1990,page 14). Furthermore, effectual eye contact is also a significant feedback machine that makes the speaking situation a double dissociation since it certifies that others are listening and that the listeners are appreciated for their attentiveness. (G. R. Wainwright,1985 , page 11) However, when people feel bored they usually do not make eye contact with the person they are talking to and may start searching for anything nearby to fidget with -th eir cell phone or objects around the room, for example. These actions are perceived as signs of boredom and lack of interest. (G. R. Wainwright, 1985, page 7) Closely relevant to eye contact are facial expressions which posses the most dominant and primary form of body language. Facial expressions must have obtained evolutionary importance; since it would have been evolutionary growth for our antecedents to have been chosen for biological reproduction and natural survival on account of their ability to make facial expressions C .Darwin (1872 cited in P .Ekman page 13). Additionally, it has been said that people can produce around 20000 different facial expressions Birdwhistell (1970 cited in Argyle,1988 page122). This mosaic of facial expressions is universal and sums up to six basic principles; happiness, sadness, fear, anger, disgust and surprise and when these fundamental emotions are mixed together they produce an array of expressions Ekman (1982 cited M. Argyle, 1988 pages 121,122). Furthermore, the importance of facial expressions is also shown by the ability that people have on making almost infallible critics about someones persona lity, intelligence, character in the first few minutes of meeting them (G. R. Wainwright, 1985, page 23). However, a psychologist had run an experiment, in which the subjects had to chose if that person in the picture was innocent or not, and found out that a significant number of people were biased to judge someone as a criminal by their facial features (G.R. Wainwright, 1985, page 27). In sequence of these findings it suggests that people sometimes misinterpret what they are seeing without having any specific evidence. Also, considering that facial expressions are tight together with emotions, sometimes they can be very similar with the attitudes that we give towards other people; voluntary and involuntary, paradigm being angry is an emotion, being angry towards someone is an interpersonal attitude(M.Argyle,1988, page 85) . Intermittently, people have to look back in order not to disobey that fine line between acceptable and unacceptable attitudes; for example liking and disliking someone are emotions although the expression of disliking someone is often restricted by social rules (M. Argyle, 1988, page 85).Furthermore, facial expressions are inevitable to occur thus at intervals they come in contrast of what is been felt and what their expressions demonstrate (M. Argyle, 1988, page 78,127 and G .R .Wainwright,1985, page 26) .Researches has shown that micromomentary expressions might be captured through cameras but are too emphemeral and momentary for most people to realize them; For example a person might say that they are happy to see someone and may even smile at them, but this false attitude may be showed by a micromomentary expression like disgust. (G .R .Wainwright, 1985, page 26) Another huge subdivision of Non-verbal Communication is gestures. Gestures include body movements that chaperon spoken language, especially with the use of hands; some of them are waving, pointing, using the fingers to indicate numerical amounts and are enormously substantial in the social psychological field since they give emphasis and interpret what is been said. A study has shown that most vocal conversations are accompanied, regulated and modulated by kinesics; like motion of the head, hands etc Bull and Conelli (1985, cited in M. Argyle ,1988 page 107) . Moreover, some gestures are known as illustrators of the verbal context because they imitate shapes, physical objects or movements. Dittman (1972) argued that illustrators appear at the establishment of a verbal conversation in order to manifest what will be contained in the verbal aspect. It was also verified by Butterworth and Beattie (1978) who their findings showed that gestures prefaced the phrase which was associated with them by an average of 800 milliseconds. Although, McNeil and Levy (1982) corralled otherwise, saying that illustrative gestures had the same possibility to happen prior of a phrase or later on (M .Argyle,1988, page 107). Furthermore, another research has demonstrated that emphasis can be denoted not only by the changes of pitch or loudness of someones voice but also by hand or head movements; Mehrabian (1972) had found that speakers who wanted to convince and allure the hearers used gestures and head-nods more frequently . However, Argyle (1983) disagreed with the above statement saying that the capital reason that the transmitter looks at the receiver is to collect information and reactions about what has just been said, in the form of head-nods, facial expressions ,gestures and so on (M.Argyle,1988,page 109).In addition, gestures are not universal, they are culture specific, and can have an entirely different meaning from one culture to another ; so giving a thumbs-up or a peace sign might mean a greeting for some countries and some others might take it as highly offensive signs Morris (1979 cited in Wainwright,1985 page 45). Last but not least, another research has shown that people are perceived as more active, warm and acceptable when they tend to use more nonverbal movements than the ones that use less; those are seen as more logical, cold and analytic (G.R. Wainwright,1985 page 48,49) In conclusion, non verbal communication in some purposes is more powerful and consequential than verbal language itself mostly because it can take different forms; such as gestures, eye contact, facial expressions. That illustrates emotions and attitudes to other people without using any verbal communication. (M. Argyle, 1988 page 308). It is evident that most communication happens without speech and that the spoken part of conversation is actually much less than we think (M.Argyle, 1988,page 1). When verbal and non-verbal communication blend together, the second one might either strengthen or curve the prior one (M. Argyle, 1988,page 106).

Free Gullivers Travels Essays: Hypocrisy in Government Exposed :: Gullivers Travels Essays

Free Gulliver's Travels Essays - Hypocrisy in Government Exposed Corruption of political systems in one of the primary themes in Gulliver's Travels. This corruption is a result of selfishness as well as the inability to see things from any other perspective rather than one’s own. The first voyage of Gulliver takes him to the isle of Lilliput. There, he must play to a petty and ineffectual government. Swift uses several devices to highlight the Lilliputian stupidity. First, they are physically agile and graceful in comparison to Gulliver, who is portrayed as cumbersome and brutish. When I found myself on my Feet, I looked about me, and must confess I never beheld a more entertaining Prospect. The Country round appeared like a continued Garden, and the inclosed Fields, which were generally Forty Foot square, resembled so many Beds of flowers. These Fields were intermingled with Woods of half a Stang, and the tallest Trees, as I could judge, appeared to be seven Foot high. I viewed the Town on my left Hand, which looked like the painted Scene of a City in a Theatre. This passage is quickly followed by one expressing Gulliver's needs to "disburdenth" himself: I had been for some Hours extremely pressed by the Necessities of Nature; which was no Wonder, it being almost two Days since I had last disburthened myself. I was under great Difficulties between Urgency and Shame. The best Expedient I could think on, was to creep into my House, which I accordingly did; and shutting the Gate after me, I went as far as the Length of my Chain would suffer, and discharged my Body of that uneasy Load. By setting up this contrast (it is interesting to point out that this is the only time that Swift makes any reference to Gulliver's "needs") the reader begins to expect the Lilliput to have a higher form of society. When, later in the book (that is the first book of four), the Lilliputians show their true selfish nature it is more of a surprise to the reader because of the great buildup. The very fact that this book is put into an adventure format is to lull the reader into believing Gulliver... of course, because Gulliver is Gullible this takes the reader straight to insanity at the end. Swift challenges the reader to make their own decision by taking them from right to wrong and asking them to, at some point, begin disagreeing with Gulliver.

Essay --

Allison Lore Mr. David R. Lopez ENG132 12/11/2013 Differentiating Instruction †¢ Introduction One issue facing the quality of education in today`s schooling is Differentiating Instruction, which is simply to change ones teaching methods to help cater to each individual student’s needs. Teachers can differentiate through content, process, product, and learning environment based on the individuals. Differentiation comes from idea about differences among students, how students learn, learning preferences and individual interests. In order to understand how students learn and what they know, pre-assessment and ongoing assessments are necessary. In the past instruction was delivered in a one size fits all method. Now, differentiation is individually centered, with a focus on using appropriate instructional and assessment tools that are flexible, challenging, and fair; encouraging students to want to learn (Wikipedia). Schools have many different types of students with different educational needs. Addressing everyone’s needs equally can be quite difficult. With issues ranging from class size, fixed budgets, how every student learns differently, students with special needs, advanced students to inequality among different levels of students it is a challenge for educators to overcome. †¢ Differences Among Students: Students must be accommodated in their diverse educational need in order for the educator to be accomplished in their job. Students of the same age can be different in their willingness to learn, in their interests, what style of learning works best for them, their experiences, and home circumstances( Wikipedia). Some students are eager to learn while others are resistant to learning. There are also students who are adva... ...on in today`s schooling is Differentiating Instruction, which is simply to change ones teaching methods to help cater to each individual student’s needs. With issues ranging from class size, fixed budgets, how every student learns differently, students with special needs, advanced students to inequality among different levels of students it is a challenge for educators to overcome. Teachers should identify with each student to understand how they study as an individual, and how they teach to their students. Teachers must differentiate by determining what students already know through pre-tests taken at the beginning of the class, getting individually acquainted with each student and their problems, having student activates and each students interests and concerns. Taking all of these things into consideration, a teacher can then better cater to the class as a whole.

The Rise and Fall of Worldcom

Shaghayegh Davari * Wan-Ting Shao * Ananya Chandra * Niteesh Chinta * Shraddha Rane * Swathi Punreddy The Rise and fall of WorldCom This case study WorldCom is a telecommunications company which was led by CEO, Bernard Ebbers, and CFO, Scott Sullivan. In 1999, WorldCom was not meeting Wall Street’s revenue and earnings expectations, and it appeared that the coming year would produce more bad news. The CFO argued for setting realistic targets. However, the CEO insisted that the company needed double digit growth, and pushed for aggressive targets.A great deal of focus was not putting on â€Å"team work† and being a strong â€Å"team player†, which is said to have been a strategy to reduce dissenting opinions, eventually leading the organization not to follow a â€Å"groupthink† attitude. There is limited evidence to suggest appropriate review financial reporting controls were being reviewed independently and there was a lack of stringent monitoring of the i nternal control system and therefore the quality of the controls around the posting of journal entries to the general ledger was identified as a weak control.The Bernie Ebbers and Scott Sullivan where the leader of the company and influence of their leaderships over their followers which were the subordinates refer to their power and is relied on three bases, coercing power, legitimate power, and information power. Leadership powers can be used by themselves or combined so that the leader has maximum influence. The leader will therefore need to think carefully about which power to use which in this case was not used in a way that at last resulted in decrease which was company’s bankruptcy.Firstly, the main relevant theory in use by these managers for leading company was coercive power, they showed their ability to apply punishment to subordinates and it is originating from the manager’s position and controlling co-worker‘s behavior by forcing them to do whatever is not coming right to their believe. However, good leaders use coercive power only when in the last sort since coercive power can performance in the short term. Coercive power relies on threaten and will backfire badly if used as the only base for using influence.In this case, the employees were publicly berated and intimidated for questioning managers’ decisions and further information. Secondly, the legitimate power by the leaders is used to some extent in this case. It was written in co-worker’s minds that the leaders have right to instruct them and that they have an obligations to follow whatever instructions the leader are providing them and there is no need for whatever is not being provided to them.Legitimate power comes from the authority of the company’s position which can request certain behaviors of others. Ebbers indicated as personal charisma power which could be named as †divine power† and made the board of directors think that he know s the way and the answers and could nurture or guide them; therefore, by producing passive board, rubber-stamped most of his recommendations. Finally, the managers in this case also relies on the information power.Information Management is an emerging field that is concerned with information; the infrastructure used to collect, store and deliver it; and the organizational and social contexts in which it exists. But these two managers did not deploy the information power as a competitive tool because there was no efficient and effective deployment of the resources of the company. However, while you can’t control anyone (except perhaps yourself), you can influence nearly everyone. This is the essence of true leadership.By this definition, Ebbers and Sullivan were great leaders in. One of the tactics influenced in this case involves actively applying legitimate and coercive power by even managers or subordinates usually form a group and tried to influence others by using threats of sanctions to force compliance, threaten, and apply punishment if the subordinates does not comply with the requests. Information control is simultaneously an influence for this case which is linked intimately with influence and power.The managers in this case hold lots of information without telling any of their employees and limited subordinates to have access to valuable information and make them stay in dark about work issue. Assertive might be called â€Å"vocal authority† which was another influence. Using the managers’ positions of power and so as to despise and control the employees will cause a lot of problem and damage of respect over the long term.However, the employees from the WorldCom quoted events that they were denounced for asking about any decisions or asking for information. In this case the managers did not use organizational politics in terms of behavior of interest groups to use power to influence decision making. They both focused on the self- serving and organizationally non sanctioned nature of individual behavior in organization. The most important tactic was developing strong allies and forming power coalitions, and associating with these two managers in their business.They consider threat available in organization settings, it seems quite reasonable to expect that people will find it advantageous to manage the impressions that others form of them, even in situation which subordinates feel that the outcome is failing. In this case almost all the executives and staff identified information as a political tool which is depending on the managers and it comes that the purpose of this tactic may be to burry or obscure an important details the political actors of the company which were these two managers believe that could harm them, when the risk of withholding information is too great.

Pestel Analysis Essay

1. Explain the following concepts 1. Extended enterprise 2. Terminal delays 3. Reorder level 4. VMI 5. Pipeline inventory 2. Read the case and answer the following questions Mumbai Flour mills provide high-quality bakery flours to commercial bakers as well as to the consumer market. The commercial buyers have consistent demand and brand-loyalty, whereas consumers have minimal brand-loyalty but also generally prefer known names over store brands. Demand is seasonal for the flours with the annual break occurring just before Diwali and slacking off dramatically during January and February. To offset these both, Mumbai Flour Mills and its major supermarket chain-accounts carry out special deals and sales promotions. The Production planning Dept. of the company located at Akola, Maharashtra, has the responsibility for controlling the inventory levels at the plant warehouse at Nagpur as well as three distribution centres located at Nasik in Maharashtra, Bhopal in Madhya Pradesh and Hyderabad in Andhra Pradesh. Planning has been routinely based on past experience and history. No formal forecasting is performed. Distribution centres get their requirements by rai l from Nagpur. The lead time of replenishment from Nagpur to distribution centres is 7 days. The replenishment rate is 48 to 54 pallets per wagon depending upon the type of wagon used. In case of any emergency demand, eighteen pallets can be made available by truck with a 3 days transit time. Recently the company has experienced two major stock out for its consumer-size 5 Kg. sacks of refined quality white flour. One of these was due to problems in milling operations, the other occurred when marketing initiated a â€Å"buy one, get one free† coupon promotion. Since these events, the planning has become overly cautious and errs on the side having excess inventories at the distribution centres. Additionally, two other events have affected Distribution Centre’s throughput: (1) implementation of direct factory supply for replenishing the  five largest super market chains, and (2) a price increase making Mumbai Flour more expensive than its national brand competitors such a Pillsbury or TATA Maida. Of 1500 pallets in the Hyderabad Distribution Centre the Mumbai Flour Mills shows only 396 pallets for open orders. This has led the company to use outside overflow storage, where there are another 480 pallets. Flour is easily damaged; hence, Mumbai Flour Mills prefers to minimise handling. Over stocking at Distribution centres alone cost Rs. 1.85/- per pallet for outside storage to which must be added Rs. 4.25 per pallet extra handling and Rs. 225 per truckload for transportation. Similar scenarios are being played out at the other DCs as well. Mr. Mohan, the distribution manager is contemplating various approaches to solving the inventory problem. It is clear that the product must be in place at the time a consumer is making a decision to buy the product, but the company cannot tolerate the overstocking situation and the stress that it is putting on facilities and cash flow. Mr. Mohan’s first thought is â€Å"a better information system† which will provide timely and accurate information throughout the organisation. On the basis of above case answer the following: (1) Evaluate the alternative solution that could be considered by Mr. Mohan. (2) What additional solution do you propose? (3) Examine the transportation system and its drawbacks. Section 2- answer any 3 questions 3a. Explain the difference between 3 PL and 4PL 3b. What should a logistics focused organization do for customer service? 4a. Explain the concept of containerization and explain its significance in transportation 4b. Explain some important factors that decide the location of a warehouse 5a. Explain the significance of ABC analysis of inventory management 5b. Explain the significance of inventory management 6. Short notes on any 2 1. Activity based costing 2. Internal measures of performance management 3. Modern logistical infrastructures

The Five Messages Leaders Must Manage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Five Messages Leaders Must Manage - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that if you ask the average population to explain what qualities make a good leader or a good manager, you would probably get many similar answers. Several attributes can contribute to a good leader in management positions, such as those leaders who have the full support and respect of their employees while realizing goal-oriented results. In some organizations, managers may burden their subordinates to achieve the desired goals and build a positive image in the eyes of their superiors and co-workers. However, they may do so by imposing a sense of fear for failure or extremely stressful expectations upon those working for them. An employee may not be motivated by a positive reinforcement in the workplace, but rather by a â€Å"looming† fear that his or her job may be at risk if a manager’s expectations are not met. On the other hand, individuals who are gifted leaders can motivate individuals without intimidating them, but the y may fall short of the corporate expectations as managers. In other words, some managers may be terrible leaders and some leaders make for very poor managers. Therefore, employees that combine the attributes of the skilled leaders and managers are valuable assets to their organization as they put their teams on the right track to support the organization’s overall goals. Honesty, humility, logic, confidence, compassion, ethics, morality, and a sense of humor are just a few of the attributes that may be sought out in a good leader and manager.... I believe â€Å"the list of messages to leaders† to be endless, and may not be encompassed in Hamm’s five messages nor in the following four messages that I suggest. 1. Do not just be proactive†¦be interactive Unintentionally, some managers may lean toward imposing their individual perspectives and ideas upon their teams. They may eagerly explain the preferred course of action their employees should implement without allowing for further discussions. Such managers may have genuine and viable ideas; however, other team members should be equally motivated to participate and contribute their ideas rather than acting as mere instruments. The manager being completely interactive within her team says a great deal about the quality of her leadership. (Prive, 2012) As we have discussed in the class, interactions and consequent conflicts are naturally occurring and necessary to spur teams’ synergy and collaborative efficiency. 2. Appreciate that â€Å"Teams† a re the sum of their parts†¦ For a manager that is not interactive, it is easier to think of the team members as single merged entities. They are identifiable to the manager by department names or team titles, not as skilled individuals forming a cohesive group dynamics. This may drive team members to feel as expendable as machine parts, and consequently not take individual pride in their work. A good leader takes the time to regularly review the people that contribute to the business’s success. Recognizing the names of the individuals and the jobs they perform make employees feel appreciated. Furthermore, acknowledging the quality of employees’ work makes them feel uniquely important and needed. (Makovsky, 2012)

Business Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Business Economics - Essay Example Reduced investment and poor image of the sector is put in the backseat without fresh blood in the segment. The industry must get competitive edge by manufacturing those goods that consumers want and Britain has technical and competitive advantages. Manufacturing in Britain is still important. There is a need to keep the economy diversified, that can not be possible without manufacturing. UK requires shifting into more high-tech manufacturing which is less labour intensive UK economic scenario can be viewed from this chart and diagram, which clearly points about the falling gross domestic products every decade from the Second World War when the UK economy boomed (Hundred years of Economic statistics, World Economic Outlook) The boom of the new century ended in 2008 when UK entered a recession caused by the global financial crisis following the collapse of the UK Northern Rock Bank. British economy shrunk by 2.4% in the first quarter of 2009 compared with the previous one as reported by the British Office for National Statistics (ONS). According to the ONS, "output of the production industries fell 5.1 percent, while service industries fell by 1.6 percent, with negative growth in all sub-industries except government and other services." (British economy shrinks 2.4 %-----) Britain is still reputedly the sixth biggest global manufacturing economy. The UK manufacturing sector is currently in recession and last year recorded its largest annual decline for a decade. The manufacturing sector had witnessed the boom in 1995 when it touched almost 8% growth and then moved in between 0 to 2% growth level. After touching more that 2% in 2007 the manufacturing shrunk below in 2008. Services account for 80% of Britain’s G.D.P. Service industry is not entirely independent and depends very much over manufacturing sector only. The UKs services industry as seen as the engine of growth for the national economy does not appear convincing. There is puzzling question in

Is Hazard Transfer an Inevitable Consequence of Globalization Essay

Is Hazard Transfer an Inevitable Consequence of Globalization - Essay Example Thesis: globalization refers to the modern markets, of both developed and developing countries, which are exposed to external changes, innovations in technologies, implementation of various cultural and social changes etc. Globalization is a background of the modern development in the society in different spheres. Globalization and political economy There is no doubt that there are advantages and disadvantages of the global processes, but in the context of the modern world, globalization sets the pace of political, economic and social development. The modern citizens do not have another choice, but only keeping pace with these changing and challenging triggers of modern life development. In the process of globalization, international governments struggle for a control over the international economy, basing on their needs for wealth, which are an integral part of their current struggle for power (Gilpin, 2001). Unlike previous years, modern world accepts geopolitical hegemony (as in c ase of the United States) and not the priority of autonomous market (as in case of the United States too) (Waltz, 2000, p. 47). ...   A process of integration of national economies into a global one is a sequential process of gradual adaptation and changes of national powers into a complete successful process increasing profits of different countries (Schumacher, 1973). A shift of accents from ‘globalization as an interdependence’ to ‘globalization as a gradual balancing of international and domestic politics’ was initiated in the 40s of the twentieth century (Kapstein, Mastanduno, 1999, p. 163). With the course of time, globalization turned from a forcible process of states’ oppression into liberating trades, financial markets, and investments. A distribution of consequences of a process of globalization was the following: from â€Å"pressure for the reduction the welfare state in developed countries and for the liberalization of the economy in developing ones† (Langley, 2000, p. 462). It is more pleasant to consider a process of globalization in political economy in the following way: â€Å"the rush to free trade and capital market liberalization, the reforms of many welfare states, and the creation of independent central banks globally† (Wangoola, Youngman, 2006, p. 22). From this perspective, a process of globalization is considered to be favorable for political economy. A meaningfulness of every state is supported by the relevance of its potential assistance and cooperation with other states. It is a kind of interaction between players in the international arena. In such a way, it is relevant to support and develop a process of globalization on the international level for the countries’ benefits (Croteau, Hoynes, 2003).

Classroom philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Classroom philosophy - Essay Example Once the school calendar begins, students should be introduced to the teacher’s philosophy immediately to them time to orient with the changes if any have taken place. Teachers use classroom philosophy to develop management techniques in how to organize students and learning materials to enable effective and efficient learning. The aim of this discussion is to create a personal philosophy of classroom management aimed at improving the teaching practice and its goals. As a first time teacher or an experienced teacher, the start of a new school calendar, every teacher is faced with the aspect of meeting new students. The teacher is presented with the aspect of dealing with different personalities and attitudes apart from those they were used to in the preceding classes. A teacher should ensure that she makes it clear to the students of what is expected from them, and what the teacher needs to achieve this goal. The best way to go about this, is establishing a rapport with all the students if possible, and the best way to do this is through effective communication (Wong & Wong 128). According to Wong & Wong, this enables the teacher to be able set up ground rules in the classroom. Teachers should set out guidelines set in the ground rules on how to handle matters like indiscipline and misbehavior. When students are left in doubt of the teacher’s ability to carry out punishments in the event of indiscipline (DePalma 64), the authority structure is broken down. DePalma believes if the students suspect that the teacher is incapable of carrying out punishments for wrongful behavior; there will be a break down in authority and chances of truancy are increased. The best way to prevent this is to dispense the prescribed mode of punishment required for each wrongful deed committed. Teachers should strive to ensure that there is no breakdown in authority in their classrooms because it easier to maintain and enforce discipline than instilling it

Current School Finance Issues Paper [w5d7-i] Essay

Current School Finance Issues Paper [w5d7-i] - Essay Example If the State acknowledges the bid, then a private school can start receiving funds for their transport costs. Bidding renewals are to be done annually. However, to every rule, there is an exception. If a school happens to have vehicles owned by their District, then there is no need to renew their bid. Additionally, some schools may have opted to enter into a joint agreement with another. This implies that one school may apply on behalf of another. Similarly, some schools may be part of a coordinated transportation agency as asserted by Say student (2008). The Board of education is also given the mandate to reject applications for transport financing in the event that applications are made poorly. On the other hand, there is a maximum student number that can be covered by and district board. This implies that when the optimum number has been reached then all other applications will be rejected. Additionally, in the event that a private school is applying for transport funding yet it only deals with special children, then the board of education is mandated to reject their application. Similarly, if a school provides only vocational training or it provides only technical skills, then they are not eligible for state funding. When student's residential areas are over twenty miles away from the school, then they may not necessarily get access to State funds. Federal States also require that children meet certain age criterion in order to enroll for the program. For instance, in the State of New Jersey, children who are between kindergartens and age twelve are eligible for transportation services provided by the District in elementary schools. It should be noted that it is not mandatory for private schools to receive funding from their respective District school boards. But they have the option of utilizing other options available for them. For instances, it is not mandatory for a private school to receive funding in the event that their residents are located beyond two and a half miles and two miles for high schools and elementary schools respectively. There are also cases in which a school is located out of State but may wish to get funding from a school district Board. This is only permissible in the event that the school is located in a county with a third class rating. Additionally, funding may also be granted to those individuals who are found in counties that have a population greater than eighty thousand. However, this population may not exceed one hundred and twenty thousand people as put forward by the Toronto Catholic District School Board (2007). . Some private schools may be not for profit organizations. Such schools are also not mandated to receive transport funding, but may gain access given the fact that most of them are have tax exemption status. However not for profit institutions are usually required to display solid evidence bout their status. This is done by bringing an affidavit that will act as a form of evidence. There area also cases in which some schools have met all other criteria enlisted above but happen to be located twenty miles away from their schools. The legislature normally examines such schools on an annul basis. Once they find that these people meet the right criterion then they may

Traffic Accident Essay Example for Free

Traffic Accident Essay Traffic accidents are considered modern problems which are causing enormous human and material losses to many people and resulting of them many temporary and permanent injuries and they cause enormous damages to the public and private properties. It is not an exaggeration to say that victims of the road accidents are more than the victims of wars and terrorist operations in the world. Some statistics indicated that the number of deaths resulting from car accidents were over (300) thousand people annually, and the estimated number of the injured people between the (10-15) million. Moreover, statistics indicated that the numbers of injuries in the United States alone were more than three and a half million yearly (Butler et al. , 1999). It is sad that (10%) of those injured people are children and the percentage of children who are exposed to injuries caused by traffic accidents in some countries might be increasing to reach more than (20%) as indicated in the Bulletin of Jordanian Traffic Institute. Some reports indicated that more than (300,000) children are exposed to injuries caused by road accidents in the United States alone (Hauschildt, 2002). What should be mentioned in this regard is that the victims of traffic accidents in the developing world countries are much more comparing with those in the developed countries as referred to in bulletin of the World Health Organization (Gender Health, (2002). All governments make efforts to reduce accidents and thus reduce their negative effects. It is unfortunate that the negative effects of car accidents are linked to the minds of many as material loss, pain and suffering physical disabilities only, but the psychological effects perhaps because of its disappearance of the human eye wasnt paid attention to and was ignored by many other people even by those who linked to researchers in the third world. It is logical that physical injuries and some psychological symptoms resulting directly from the accident receive priority in care and attention, but scientific researches confirm that some of the road accidents or those who witnessed them could show that they subsequently cause psychological disorders which may develop into severe symptoms (Butler et al. , 1999). Although the injured in traffic accidents may receive some kind of social support of their natural resources like relatives and friends in attempting to ease the negative effects resulting from traffic accidents, there are things we must draw attention to, which are: I.  All the people who were exposed to such incidents do not receive the appropriate degree of support. II. Ordinary people had been unaware of the type of the appropriate or desired social support for the victim (of an accident). III. Professional specialists have the necessary knowledge to monitor the indicators or symptoms which may be hidden from ordinary people, or difficult for them to interpret, especially in the light of the available knowledge. Although many of the symptoms resulting from traffic accidents do not appear immediately after the accident. It should be noted here that psychological wounds which inflicted on those who are exposed to traffic accidents may stay with them for a long time even after physical injuries heal. Perhaps the reason behind some athletes not recovering to their previous levels of performance before their exposure to an injury is psychological wounds are not less damaging than physical injuries; they even might be more serious in their effects. It is striking that the insurance companies in the developed countries pay profitable compensations for the effects of psychological wounds resulting from car accidents (Butler et al. , 1999). In this context, traffic accidents partially result of violations committed by an individual who hurt another individual or group of members of the society. Perhaps the gravity of the dangers of traffic accidents increases the awareness and stimulates efforts to alleviate the psychological effects. Accidents cause numerous physical and moral losses reflected on the drive r and society alike, represented in human losses up to death of the driver himself or a member of his family or his\her entire family. The losses may fully exceed in one accident to several persons or a family, and the driver remains alive. There were losses that reached cutting one of the organs or an injury that caused the driver a permanent disability. All of this would deeply generate painful psychological disorders and wounds, such as psychological trauma, depression and excess irritable emotions and loss and lack of concentration at work, thus we can sum up the problem of the study that there are psychological disorders and problems resulting from traffic accidents of the 3rd category private license drivers who are responsible for traffic accidents. The importance of this study could be formulated in the following: First: The theoretical aspect: The issues of traffic accidents and what these accidents backward of damages considered from the humanitarian issues affecting society feelings and leaving deep wounds in the human soul. The results of traffic accidents are not only confined to the participants in the incident only, but to the whole society, whether the psychological, social, human and economic level.This research is considered a serious attempt to shed light on the psychological disorders suffered by the driver, who cause accidents.  Second: the practical aspect: Access to results that help to reduce traffic accidents results on the human psyche. This research paves the way for the subsequent researches in different and divers environments, cultures and variables. The following nihilism hypotheses have been formulated to answer in this study: I. There are no statistical differences between traffic accidents and psychological trauma for the drivers who are involved in the traffic accidents from the holders of 3rd category-private driving license. II.  There are no statistical differences between traffic accidents and a state of depression among the drivers who are involved in the traffic accidents from the holders of 3rd category-private driving license. III. There are no statistical differences between traffic accidents and cases of nervousness for the drivers who are involved in the traffic accidents from the holders of 3rd category-private driving license. IV. There are no statistical differences between traffic accidents and the lack of concentration at work for the drivers who are involved in the traffic accidents from the holders of 3rd category-private driving license.

Michelangelo Antonioni and Women in Film

Michelangelo Antonioni and Women in Film Michelangelo Antonioni was an Italian film director, he was born In Ferrara, northern Italy, 1929. With Fellini he belongs to a so called provincial wave of Italian neorealist filmmakers,  not so distant from the metropolitan colleagues De Sica, Rossellini and Visconti. (Chatman 1985, Tinazzi 1994) While not initially fully appreciated by the tradition audience for his excessive intellectualism and pessimism. ( Crowther 1960, Hawkins 1960, Barthes 1994) Today, Antonioni is regarded one of the most influential personalities in Cinema. (Grenier 1960, Manceaux 1960, Fink 1935, Chatman 1989, Koehler 2015) His most remarkable works concern the sense of anguish and fragility of the modern society. (Di Carlo 1964, Lucantonio 2011) The characters belong to the idle rich society of the Italian post war, their boredom and sense of ennui robbed them of their ability to express their feelings and reduced them to speak in a feeble manner in attempt to conceal their sense of futility.(Chatman 1985, Pomerance 2011) Women, play leading roles Antonioni emphases womens ability to be more honest with human relations. A capacity virtually lost by intellectual men who are unable to supply any sort of sensitiveness. Not given by their inability to provide an alternative to boredom,  but by their complete unresponsiveness.(Pomerance 2011) Alberto Moravia in his Boredom (1960) wrote: Boredom is not the opposite of amusementboredom to me consists in a kind of insufficiency, or inadequacy, or lack of reality. it originates in a sense of the absurdity of a reality which is unable, to convince me of its own effective existence To modern man, the means to restore a link with reality is given by sexuality, however, if sexuality provides only a physical relief Eros is sick Antonioni (1962) says It is a symptom of the emotional sickness of our time [] man is unease, something is bothering him. And whenever something bothers him, man reacts, but he reacts badly, only on erotic impulse, and he is unhappy. Embodying many of the philosophical concerns associated with European existentialists Antonioni exposed the existential dilemma of modern man.(Barthes 1994, Darke 1995, Giannetti 1999, Holden 2006, Tomasulo 2008, Bortolini 2011) Antonioni dehumanized his characters of their personality and used them as devices to show the high psychological complexity of the unstable neurotic personalities of our time. (Lunn 1982, Melzer 2010) Melancholia, incommunicability, emptiness, alienation. All elements that characterize a life lacking in purpose and a general sense of spiritual vacuity Themes that are well represented in LAvventura (1959) and Il Deserto Rosso (1960). (Hoberman 2006) Lavventura, set amongst the remote Sicilian seashore, sees the search for a missing person Anna, disappeared during a boat trip. Sandro, her fiancà ©e, and Claudia, her best friend, start a search in a vain attempt to find her during which become attracted to each other and the search for Anna turns into a desire to not finding her anymore. Il Deserto Rosso, set in the overly industrialized outskirt of Ravenna, sees Giuliana, a neurotic woman, in the desperate attempt to keep a link with reality. Her troubled personality is split between a worried mother for her son Valerio, who fakes to be paralyzed at one point and adulterousness with a Corrado, a business associate of his neglectful husband, Ugo. Claudia and Giuliana seek for utopian ideals into dystopian worlds. From a side the sentimental ideal of Claudia: morally discomforted by choosing between finding her lost companion or keeping the shallow affair with Sandro. And on the other the existential ideal of Giuliana: in the desperate attempt to survive her depression in a sort of Darwinist mechanism of natural selection (Melzer 2010) To the neurotic personality everything appears absurd in life: family, work or even driving a car. Giuliana is a paradigmatic example of it. Jean Paul Sartre (1989) would say she lives in bad faith Living in bad faith means living not authentically, convincing oneself that there are no alternatives and pretending that something out there has meaning. Indeed, she bought a shop in Via Dante Alighieri, but she does not know what to do with it or she escapes by fantasizing about azure lagoons and warm beaches. (Salinari 1960) Giuliana is not frightened by modernity, she is not in tune with the industrialized world that oppresses her stimulus. Giuliana adjusted to this world, and learnt how to circulate in it and even though everyone around her accepted it, she refuses to respond to it Neurosis is the inability to tolerate ambiguity Freud stated (1977) The agonizing malaise of Giuliana, is given by her inability to tolerate a world that does not support her ideals and obliged her to accept her faith In contrast Ugo and Corrado have embraced the spirit of the XIX Century The industrial progress proceeds by neglecting the family bond or slowly crumbling it. Corrado has the spirit of the traveller and sees objects through the landscape in motion. For Corrado it means where to go, what to buy, who to hire, it is all about progress. For Giuliana it means where to stay, who to make boundaries with She needs to see things for their presence and perspective In LAvventura Claudias desire to find Anna is sincere. In spite of Sandro that has no real desire to find her. He would rather leave the mystery unsolved and move on. The characters vagabondage plays as an ephemeral mechanism of self relief to avoid further anxiety or sense of guilt by not even try (Chatman 1989) Both couples communicate through a sense of mutual pity. They try to explain their problems in virtually psychotic terms, though they fail to communicate to each other as they struggle to communicate with themselves first. They suffer from existential anxiety they are in desperate need to fulfil their sterile lives but, they dont know how. As much as Sandro and Corrado try to be supportive they at the end surrender to sexual temptation. Their emotive instinct degraded in consequence of repression and has been endlessly replaced by substitute-objects. (Chatman 1985) Corrado and Sandro are emblematic examples of the Freudian dyad of the modern manwhere the only two concerns of life are work and sex. Their sexual fulfilment is unsatisfactory and guilt ridden, eroticism is used as an anodyne to their moral dilemma and an outlet for frustration. (OLesser 1964) For modernists, sex is a contest and they would swap their beloved to the same extent they would accept or decline a work offer The room where they just spent hours talking about eroticism has no less meaning for them than for us, it can be taken apart to feed the fire as effortlessly as they can meet in there for a party. (Pomerance 2011) The dystopian realities depicted by Antonioni are environments that prevent emotions to flourish and the characters seem almost affected by a shapeless pain that withers their response to emotions. (Chatman1985) Anomie As called by the French sociologist Emile Durkheim(Slattery 2003) He described it as a malaise of the individual which absence of values and associated feelings of alienation lead him to a general sense of purposelessness in life. A concept that Albert Camus perfectly summed in the opening of his The Stranger (1942) Anomie is common in those societies that have gone through a period of significant economic changes and no exception is the post war Italy of the miracolo italiano Industrialization led men to bring together all their knowledge and strength into a sort of Nietzschean superhuman creation where the efficient modern man now, extension of the machine, seems to be at one with life but not less alienated, just unaware of his own condition. Modernity promoted an ideological discrepancy The ever-increasing split between moral man and scientific man [leads to the prevalence of eroticism as] a symptom of the emotional sickness of our time Antonioni (1962) said Modern man does not have the moral tools to match his technological skills and he is incapable to set authentic relationships with either his surrounding or fellows. It is true that Antonioni translated through abstract images the Marxist theory of alienation in order to explain the sense of frustration and rejection of todays society. Nevertheless, it is too simplistic to say that Antonioni is condemning modernity to have created such an unhuman world where the individual is led to neurosis Antonioni (Brunette 1998) intended to translate the poetry of the world where even factories can be beautiful The complexity of lines, shapes and colours merge into a steampunk dichotomy of functional beauty The sublime beauty of such brutalistic architectures matches what George Orwell wrote in The Road to Wigan Pier (1937): All round was the lunar landscape of slag-heaps [] you could see the factory chimneys sending out their plumes of smoke. The canal path was a mixture of cinders, frozen mud []and pools of stagnant water []It seemed a world from which vegetation had been banished[].   But even Wigan is beautiful [].I do not believe that there is anything inherently and unavoidably ugly about industrialism. A factory or even a gasworks is not obliged of its own nature to be ugly, any more than a palace or a dog-kennel or a cathedral. Of all the contributions Antonioni gave to cinema the most important relies in his ability to correlate character to environment. (Tassone 2002, Antonioni 2007) Antonioni was a long-time student of architecture and all his filmssince his early documentaries of Gente del Po (1947) and Nettezza Urbana (1948) show a keen interest in public and private spaces. (Di Carlo 2002) The social and economic changes of post war Italy led to his attentionthe relation existing between place and individual. Movies like LAvventura would be unconceivable without its images of ordinary Sicilian life. Antonioni shows the complex transformation of modernity through modernist aesthetics and uses the socio political situation of Italy as device to show the self awareness of the film. (Reyner 2013) Explanatory dialogues are minimized and architecture, whether natural or artificial, gains its own narrative autonomy. The use of pre diegetic and post diegetic shots also known as temps mort enhances the simulacral quality of the topographics that through their contemplation reveal their implicit meaning. (Chatman 1978, Lefebvre 2006, Bruno 1997, Reyner 2013) The sublime, merciless and bare beauty of inimical Lisca Bianca. The omnipotence and cosmic indifference of cold and distant industrialized Ravenna. The haptical influence of such places on the plight of the characters resonates with strong expressive analogy. (Cuccu 1973, Antonioni 2007) Dialogue and architecture play as co-metonyms, they not only symbolize modernity but they are crude examples of it. The buildings reflect the characters psyche by association. At the beginning of Lavventura Anna speaks to her dad, she is identified through the noisy new building, and similarly her father is matched with the magnificent dome in the distance. The uncanny battlefield of industrial wastage and the jet of steam and flames act as Giulianas repressed inner force which neurosis synthesized in self destructive attitude. (Bruno 1997) The inhospitable rock of the Aeolian Islands stresses the strangeness of the characters to this environment. The haunting silence of Noto resonates with an existential sense of non-belonging. The Euclidean geometry and surface of modern materials dwarfs our characters. Modernity is reflected by the solid appearance of these facilities. And if the sense of security should be provided by their appearance What security does modernity provide if it only causes unease? A place built by man that rejects man. The space lost its true very own essence to be dwelled. This place has become absurd: stripped out of its functionality there is nothing left but a mere cluster of stones and concrete. The camera movement is perversely spectral and fascinating. The city has become a rational entity. A hostile alien force that seems to reject the characters. A composition that evokes De Chiricos metaphysical period. (Antonioni 1961) Even though De Chiricos paintings suggest that this now inhabited town, once occupied, will be dwelled again, in Lavventura the town seems as it has never been lived. As if a premonition warned the Sicilians to have nothing to do with it. (Costa 2002, Tassone 2002) Finally the epilogue of Lavventura reaches the climax in the evolution of the couple in crisis. The composition is emblematic, split in between a void and a fill. The far sight of a volcano island and an empty wall. The will to forgive and the inability to reason own existence. This frame shows all the uncertainty and suspension upon which the movie ends. Antonioni does not reveal in these places cataclysmic sceneries. He rather makes a commentary on the personal problems that bad building and misused spaces created and are afflicting modern man. The macabre visions of environmental exploitation and building speculation revealed the collapse of safety of our surrounding and have become concrete manifestation of the emotional sickness of our time When Lavventura was published it was said of giallo alla rovescia, or noir in reverse. (Cuccu 1973) While De Sica would have uncovered the drama of these individualsAntonioni instead uses his exceptional dispassionate photography to dedrammatize the events. (Cuccu 1973) This is why it no longer seems to me important to make a film about a man who has had his bicycle stolenit is important to see what there is in the mind and in the heart of this man how he has adapted himself, what remains in him of his past experiences.(Bondanella 1943) This does not mean his movies are not dramatic, but on the counterpart the events do not follow a conventional chain of causalities. The common cinematic technique of resolution suggests that Anna will eventually be found and Giuliana will recover. Antonioni does not offer any solution to act on the present. (Nowell-Smith 1995) Using ellipses the temporality of the events is preserved and their reality enhanced however, the events are not strictly related by a cause-effect succession but rather linked by contingency. As matter of fact we are not given any further information when Giulianas depression started or when Anna decided to leave to never come back again. Each event is no less accidental and casual than the others. As casual as the disappearing of Anna and the complete abandon by Claudia and Sandro that revealed at the end a cold and unforgiving disappearing of a disappearance. We are not given to know what has been of Anna or whether Claudias hand resting on Sandros head in the most delicate of all acceptances means she forgave Sandro or if she was consenting him. We cant be sure about Giuliana either, whether she recovered from her depression or if she adapted to the modern world as explains to Valerio how birds adapted to that poisonous environment. (Chatman 1985) The events we expect to happen never happen. The title shows its ambiguity as it works symbolically and not visually. The Red Desert, the desert of the alienated things, the aridity of the human emotions. The adventure, the journey Anna undertakes swimming overboard, the sentimental adventure of Sandro and Claudia. And even the intentions behind the films are ambiguous: We cant really tell if Lavventura and Il Deserto Rosso are about moral decay or an outcry about the effects of technology on the humans sensitiveness. Whether the inhabited rock of a Sicilian island or the outskirt of an industrialized city, Antonioni was capable to film modernity through the bare appearance of things. (Gilman 1962) Although, it is difficult to tell what Antonionis movies are about, Antonioni himself after a visit to Mark Rothkosaid: Your paintings are like my films-theyre about nothingwith precision. (Gilman 1962) Antonioni was a poet of the form and the meaning of his works comes from the interaction between suggestive architectures and the ambiguity of the human emotions. He depicted a utopian desire to regain a sense of human connection with the environment. His shots offer nothing more and nothing less than the sheer wonder of existence. BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READINGS Antonioni, M., 1961. Fare un film per me à ¨ vivere. Scritti sul cinema. Ed. 2009. Venice: Marsilio Editore, 43. Antonioni, M., 1962.A talk with Michelangelo Antonioni. Film Culture, 24 (1962): 51. Antonioni, M., 2007. The Architecture of Vision: Writings and Interview on Cinema. Chicago: University of Chicago Barthes, R., 1994. Caro Antonioni. In: Barthes, R. Ed. 1997. Sul cinema. Genoa: Il Nuovo Melangolo, 172-173. Bondanella, P., 1943. Italian Cinema: From Neorealism to the Present. Ed. 1984. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co, 108. Bortolini, F., 2011. Forme dellesperienza e del linguaggio. Camus, Sartre, Bergman, Antonioni. Milan: Unicopli. Bruno, G., 1997. Site-seeing: architecture and the moving image. Wide Angle, 19 (4), 8-24. Brunette, P., 1998. The films of Michelangelo Antonioni. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 96. Camus, A., 1942. The Stranger. New York: Vintage Books. Chatman, S. 1989. LAvventura. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. Chatman, S., 1985. Antonioni, or the surface of the world. London: University of California Press. Costa, A., 2002. Il cinema e le arti visive. Torino: Einaudi. Crowther, B., 1961. Italian Film Wins Cannes Top Prize. The New York Times [online], 5 April 1961. Avilable from: http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9400e0db133de733a25756c0a9629c946091d6cf [Accessed 21 October 2016]. Cuccu, L., 1973. La visione come problema: Forme e svolgimento del cinema di Antonioni. Rome: Bulzoni. Darke, C., 1995. Lavventura. Sight and Sound, 5 (12), 55. Di Carlo, C., 1964. Michelangelo Antonioni. In: Fink, G., ed. 1983. Michelangelo Antonioni, identificazione di un autore: gli anni della formazione e la critica su Antonioni. Parma: Pratiche Editrice, 74-75. Di Carlo, C., 2002. Il cinema di Michelangelo Antonioni. Milan: Il Castoro. Fink, G., 1983. Michelangelo Antonioni, identificazione di un autore: gli anni della formazione e la critica su Antonioni. Parma: Pratiche Editrice, 103. Freud, S., 1977. Inhibitions, Symptoms, and Anxiety. New York: Norton Company. Gente del Po, 1947. [film, DVD]. Directed by Michelangelo Antonioni. Italy: Artisti Associati ICET. Giannetti, D., 1999. Invito al cinema di Antonioni. Milan: Ugo Mursia Editore. Gilman, R., 1962. On Antonioni. Theatre Arts, 46 (1962), 7. Grenier, C., 1960. Reflections on the Parisian Screen Scene. New York Times, 20 November 1960. Hawkins, R. F., Focus on an Unimpressive Cannes Film Fete. The New York Times, 29 May 1960. Hoberman J., 2006. Seeing and Nothingness: A Must-see Retrospective Celebrates the Works of a Modernist Master. Village Voice [online], 30 May 2006. Available from: http://www.villagevoice.com/film/seeing-and-nothingness-6418576[Accessed 30 October 2016]. Holden, S., 2006. Antonionis Nothingness and beauty. The New York Times [online], 04 June 2006, Available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/04/movies/04hold.html[Accessed 28 October 2016]. Il deserto rosso, 1964. [film, DVD]. Directed by Michelangelo Antonioni. Italy, France: Film Duemila. Koehler, R., 2015. Great wide open: LAvventura. Sight and Sound [online], 20 April 2015,Available from: http://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/sight-sound-magazine/features/greatest-films-all-time/great-wide-open-l-avventura[Accessed 3 November 2016]. Lavventura, 1959. [film, DVD].Directed by Michelangelo Antonioni. Italy, France: Cino del Duca. Lefebvre, M., 2006. Landscape and Film. London: Routledge. Lucantonio, G., 2011. Lavventura > Michelangelo Antonioni. Rapporto Confidenziale [online], 07 January 2011, Available from: http://www.rapportoconfidenziale.org/?p=11578[Accessed 5 November 2016]. Manceaux, M., 1960. An Interview with Antonioni.   Sight and Sound 30 (1) 5-8. Melzer, Z., 2010. Michelangelo Antonioni and the Reality of the Modern. Offscreen. [online], 14 (4). Moravia, A., 1960. Boredom. Milan: Valentino Bompiani Co, 5. N.U -Nettezza urbana, 1948. [film, DVD]. Directed by Michelangelo Antonioni. Italy: Artisti Associati ICET. Nowell-Smith, G., 1995. Antonioni: Before and After. Sight and Sound, 12 (December 1995) 16-21. OLesser, S., 1964. Lavventura: a closer look.Yale review,54 (1964) 45. Orwell, G., 1937. The Road to Wigan Pier. Ed. 2011. London: Penguin Books. Pasolini, P. P., 1976. The Cinema of Poetry. In: Nichols, B., ed. 1976. Movie and Methods.Vol.1. Berkeley: University of California Press, 542-558. Pomerance, M., 2011. Michelangelo Red Antonioni Blue: Eight Reflections on Cinema. London: University of California Press. Reyner, J., 2013. Film Landscapes : Cinema, Environment and Visual Culture. New Castle Upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Salinari, C., 1980. Miti E Coscienza del Decadentismo Italiano. Milan: Feltrinelli. Sartre, J. P., 1989. Being and Nothingness: an essay on phenomenological ontology. London: Routledge. Slattery, M., 2003. Key ideas in Sociology. Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes Ltd. Tassone, A., 2002. I film di Michelangelo Antonioni: un poeta della visione. Ed. 2007. Rome: Gremese Editore. Tinazzi, G., 1994. Michelangelo Antonioni. Edition: 2002. Milan: Il Castoro. Tomasulo, F., 2008. Life is inconclusive: a conversation with Michelangelo Antonioni. In: Cardullo, B., ed. 2008. Michelangelo Antonioni: Interviews. Jackson: university Press of Mississippi, 162-168.